Epigenetic Research Papers 10/7/24 - 10/11/24

Santos J et. al. (September 2024). LDL-c/HDL-c Ratio and NADPH-Oxidase-2-Derived Oxidative Stress as Main Determinants of Microvascular Endothelial Function in Morbidly Obese Subjects Antioxidants (Basel). 13(9)
This study highlights that endothelial dysfunction in morbidly obese individuals is primarily linked to a high LDL-c/HDL-c ratio and elevated NADPH-oxidase-2 (NOX2) expression. Researchers found that these factors significantly impaired endothelial vasodilation in small omental arteries, with those exhibiting both high LDL-c/HDL-c ratios and increased NOX2 levels showing the greatest dysfunction. These findings suggest that targeting lipid imbalances and oxidative stress could help identify individuals at higher risk for cardiovascular disease and guide therapeutic interventions.
Products Used: NOX2-gp91phox Polyclonal Antibody, NOX4 Polyclonal Antibody

Reed EC et. al. (September 2024). Hemoglobin alpha is a redox-sensitive mitochondrial-related protein in T-lymphocytes bioRxiv.
This study reveals that hemoglobin alpha (Hba-a1) in T-lymphocytes acts as a key antioxidant, reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress. Researchers found Hba-a1 expression increases during redox disturbances, and in mice lacking Hba-a1, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines were elevated. Hba-a1 expression also varied with T-lymphocyte activation and metabolic state, suggesting its vital role in immune regulation.
Products Used: EpiQuik Chromatin Accessibility Assay Kit

Xu J et. al. (September 2024). SlBTB19 interacts with SlWRKY2 to suppress cold tolerance in tomato via the CBF pathway Plant J.
This study investigates the role of SlBTB19 in tomato cold tolerance, demonstrating its interaction with and destabilization of the transcription factor SlWRKY2. Overexpression of SlBTB19 increased cold sensitivity, while knockout mutants showed enhanced tolerance. SlWRKY2, functioning downstream of SlBTB19, positively regulates cold tolerance via the CBF pathway by activating CBF1 and CBF3 expression under cold stress. These findings highlight the SlBTB19-SlWRKY2 module as a negative regulator of cold tolerance in tomatoes.
Products Used: EpiQuik Plant ChIP Kit

Chen M et. al. (September 2024). Histone deacetylase inhibition enhances extracellular vesicles from muscle to promote osteogenesis via miR-873-3p Signal Transduct Target Ther. 9(1):256.
This study explores how inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDACs) enhances skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to improve bone health. The HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) increased myotube fusion and boosted EV secretion enriched with miR-873-3p from human skeletal muscle myoblasts. These TSA-EVs promoted osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting calponin (CNN2) and significantly improved bone mass in osteoporosis mice. These findings suggest that HDAC inhibition may be a promising strategy to enhance bone formation and prevent osteoporosis in those unable to exercise.
Products Used: EpiQuik In Situ H3K9 Acetylation Assay Kit

Dong S et. al. (September 2024). METTL3-mediated m6A modification of SIRT1 mRNA affects the progression of diabetic cataracts through cellular autophagy and senescence J Transl Med. 22(1):865.
This study examines the role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications in diabetic cataracts (DC), identifying METTL3 as a key factor. Elevated METTL3 levels in lens epithelial cells (LECs) from DC patients correlate with increased p21 and p62 and decreased Beclin1 and LC3, indicating impaired autophagy and enhanced senescence. Silencing METTL3 restored autophagy and delayed senescence in high-glucose conditions. The m6A-reading protein YTHDF2 was shown to mediate the destabilization of SIRT1 mRNA by METTL3. These findings suggest the METTL3-YTHDF2-SIRT1 axis as a critical mechanism in DC progression and potential therapeutic targets.
Products Used: EpiQuik m6A RNA Methylation Quantification Kit (Colorimetric)

Yao J et. al. (September 2024). Fat Mass- and Obesity-Associated Protein (FTO) Promotes the Proliferation of Goat Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by Stabilizing DAG1 mRNA in an IGF2BP1-Related m6A Manner Int J Mol Sci. 25(18)
This study reveals that Fat Mass- and Obesity-Associated Protein (FTO) promotes goat skeletal muscle satellite cell (MuSC) proliferation through m6A modifications. FTO, highly expressed in longissimus dorsi muscles, negatively regulates m6A levels during MuSC proliferation. Silencing FTO decreases MuSC proliferation and increases DAG1 expression, indicating m6A-dependent regulation. FTO stabilizes DAG1 mRNA by modifying the m6A site DAG1-122 via Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 mRNA-binding Protein 1 (IGF2BP1). These findings underscore FTO's role in MuSC proliferation through DAG1 and m6A modification.
Products Used: EpiQuik m6A RNA Methylation Quantification Kit (Colorimetric)

Zhao H et. al. (September 2024). N6-Methyladenosine Positively Regulates Coxsackievirus B3 Replication Viruses. 16(9)
This study explores how N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification influences coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) replication, a common cause of viral myocarditis. The researchers identified m6A sites in the CVB3 genome and found that the m6A inhibitor 3-deazaadenosine (3-DAA) reduced viral replication. Methyltransferases METTL3 and METTL14 promoted CVB3 replication, while demethylases FTO and ALKBH5 hindered it. Additionally, silencing m6A binding proteins YTHDF1, YTHDF2, and YTHDF3 decreased replication, and m6A mutations in the CVB3 genome further impaired it. These findings suggest that m6A modification is crucial for CVB3 replication.
Products Used: EpiQuik CUT&RUN m6A RNA Enrichment (MeRIP) Kit